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电动微耕机长时间田间作业过程中产生的强烈振动会给操作者带来身心上的不适，甚至导致实质性伤害和职业病。针对上述问题，基于磁流变阻尼器提出了一种数学建模结合Simulink仿真的方法，研究分析了电动微耕机的振动特性。首先，建立电动微耕机竖直方向数学模型，计算分析系统的主要激振力，以系统的振动微分方程为基础在Simulink中搭建仿真模型进行仿真分析，得到机架和扶手架处振动加速度时域变化曲线，并求解得RMS值分别为4.212、5.325 m/s2。其次，通过田间试验得到机架和扶手架处的RMS值分别为4.55、5.09 m/s2,与仿真值相对误差为7.4%和4.6%,误差较小。基于可调Sigmoid模型对磁流变阻尼器进行参数辨识得到各项参数，以其数学表达式为基础，通过Simulink搭建仿真模型将仿真数据与实际数据对比，证明所建模型较为准确、合理。同时，与电动微耕机仿真模型进行结合仿真，得到机架和扶手架在各个激励电流下的RMS值均有所降低，为后续磁流变阻尼器半主动控制设计和电动微耕机的减振优化提供了理论参考。
Abstract：The strong vibration generated during the long-term field operation of the electric micro-cultivator would bring physical and mental discomfort to the operator, and even lead to substantial damage and occupational diseases. In view of the above problems, a mathematical modeling combined with Simulink simulation method based on magnetorheological damper was proposed to study and analyze the vibration characteristics of electric micro-cultivator. Firstly, the mathematical model of the vertical direction of the electric micro-cultivator was established, and the main excitation force of the system was calculated and analyzed. Based on the vibration differential equation of the system, the simulation model was constructed in Simulink for simulation analysis. The time-domain variation curves of vibration acceleration at the frame and the armrest were obtained, and the RMS values were 4.212 and 5.325 m/s2, respectively. Secondly, in the field experiment, the RMS values of the frame and the armrest were 4.55 and 5.09 m/s2, respectively, and the relative error with the simulation value were 7.4% and 4.6%, the error was small. Based on the adjustable Sigmoid model, the parameters of the magnetorheological damper were identified to obtain the various parameters, and the simulation model was constructed through Simulink on the basis of its mathematical expression to compare the simulation data with the actual data, which proved that the model was more accurate and reasonable. At the same time, combination and simulation with the simulation model of the electric microponic machine was carried out to obtain that the RMS values of the frame and the armrest frame under the excitation currents were reduced, which provided a theoretical reference for the subsequent semi-active control design of the magnetorheological damper and the vibration reduction optimization of the electric micro-cultivator.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13427/j.issn.1003-188X.2026.02.002
中图分类号:S222
引用信息:
[1]高锐涛,郑海乐,邹明强,等.基于磁流变阻尼器的电动微耕机振动特性仿真试验分析[J].农机化研究,2026,48(02):11-19.DOI:10.13427/j.issn.1003-188X.2026.02.002.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2001602)
2025-07-22
2025-07-22
2025-07-22