农机化研究

为解决甘肃省大宗根茎类中药材黄芪、党参现有移栽机株距和行距不好控制、难以保证种植密度、挖掘深度深和土壤阻力大导致机具功耗大、作业强度高的技术难题，采用理论分析和试验验证的方法，从改进根茎类中药材移栽方式入手，对黄芪机械化起垄移栽进行了重点探析，同时开展机具的关键部件设计和田间试验。结果表明：根茎类中药材起垄覆膜移栽机可一次完成开沟、起垄、等距移栽、覆膜和覆土等作业，能有效地降低劳动强度，具有显著的经济效益和社会效益；移栽作业具有转弯半径小、灵巧轻便、劳动强度小、破损率低等优点，对扩大黄芪机械化种植面积、发展壮大甘肃省中药材产业、推动新时期甘肃省乡村振兴战略和全面建成小康社会具有重要的现实意义。

In order to solve the bulk root of Chinese herbal medicine Astragalus, Dangshen existing transplanting plant spacing, row spacing control, difficult to ensure the planting density, deep mining depth, soil resistance lead to machine power consumption, operation strength of technical problems, adopted the theoretical analysis and thetest method, from the improvement of root medicine transplanting way, the mechanical ridge transplanting key analysis, and the key parts of the machine design and field test. The test results showed that the design of transplanter can complete the opening, ridging, isometric transplanting, film mulching, soil covering and other processes, can be effectively reduce labor intensity, had remarkable economic benefit and social benefit.Transplanting operations with small turning radius, dexterous light, harvest can reduce farmers labor intensity, the advantages of low damage rate, to expand the mechanization of Astragalus planting area, develop the province Chinese herbal medicine industry, promote the strategy of rural revitalization in Gansu province in the new period and realize a well-off society in an all-round way has important practical significance.